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 How is it possible that a "Christian" church generates racism and xenophobia even in the 21th century?  Which are the social causes of that phenomenon? Google book results from 21th century (Books, UN reports , and writtings of western Sociologist scientists and Civil Rights movements) There are more than 3 090 results for the relationship of racism xenophobia within the Orthodox Church. It often works like an engine of ethnic hatred and chauvinism until this day. It had much deeper medieval roots, it appeared even before the era of "National awakening" aka. the birth of the nationalism. UN. Dag Hammarskjöld Library : United Nations Documents Index: No.4 January-march 2004 - Page 107 ...by the Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, focuses mainly on the status and importance of the Romanian Orthodox Church, the situation of non- Orthodox Cristian Romocea : Church and State: Religious Nationalis

Orthodox, the hybrid civilization

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    The Eurasian Orthodox civilization  ( Warning : This is not an article about the theology or religions, but stricly about the development of civilizations which were crystallized around them during the second millenium )    The earliest concept of Europe as a cultural sphere (instead of simply a geographic term) appeared during the  Carolingian Renaissance  of the 9th century, which reflected the territories of  Western Christianity .  However, "Europe" as a cultural term did not include the territories where the Orthodox Church or Islam represented the dominant religion until the late 19th century. ( Dr. Sanjay Kumar (2021).  A Handbook of Political Geography . K.K. Publications. p. 127.) Western historians, sociologists and political scientists often use the exact phrase : "Orthodox civilization"  since very - very long time .  See the high number Google Books results about this phrase:   https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=%22orthodox+civilization%22